So I dont to what extent God sent out Prophets from Israel to other Nations, however I do believe that thru Israel God made Himself known to almost if not all of the area in the Middle East during that time and probably into all of the known world during the Roman Era.
Reading the Bible we see Abraham was called from Ur which was in Iraq, and he brought Abraham throughout much of that Area proclaiming Himself God thru him. He also used Joesph and Moses to proclaim Himself in Egypt, then the area of the Wilderness. Israel then came into Canaan where God used them to testify of Himself. The Bible speaks of all of these Nations coming to know about Him via Israel in some form or fashion.
Whether that was from War or Kings or literal Prophets coming to them. The Bible testifies often of Israel making pacts and leagues with all the surrounding Nations, eventually Babylon captures them and thus Israel and those taken captive speak throughout that entire Nation which took over almost the Entire Middle East.
So if you are speaking of independent Prophets that went out from established Israel to other Nations, there are very few account of that, however there are MANY accounts of Prophets or others proclaiming the One True God to all these other Nations in the known world in Ancient Times. And as I said earlier I am sure that the God of Israel was known throughout all of Europe during Roman times because of Israel as well. And now thru Christ, Israel and the God of Israel has been made known to all of the World today...