Peace to you Infinityloop. Here, to the best of my ability, is my answer to one of the reasons listed, number 24 The Two Gospels.
The early disciples, apostles, and Paul knew Jesus was the Son of God (Peter was the first of the twelve to declare Jesus was the Son of God in Matthew 16:16-17) and never doubted His divinity or promise to the children of Israel, but the Pharisees, Sadducees, and other Jews who did not know or believe rejected Jesus a as prophet and the Son of God. The rest of Israel will be blind until the time of the Gentiles is fulfilled (Romans 11).
The discrepancy between James and Paul was about how Jesus fulfilled the law of animal sacrifices. A thread posted here called “Acts 15: The Circumcision of Moses”, explains the debate at the Jerusalem council in Acts 15. Most of the Jews at the Jerusalem Council believed Christ was the Lamb of God and that His death would end the sacrifices and oblations for sin, but they didn’t understand Jesus also ended the sacrifices for purification. Jews separated themselves from the Gentiles because the Gentiles were unclean. God had to show Peter in a vision in Acts 10 that all men are made clean through the blood of Christ. This was why Paul did not want the Gentiles to go through the circumcision under the law when it was unnecessary since Christ ended the sacrifices and cleanses all who believe in Him.
The time for the restoration of the children of Israel will happen after His first coming. Peter and John were blessed enough to see the future kingdom with Moses and Elias (Elijah) there in a vision Jesus showed them in (Matthew 17). When Jesus stood in the synagogue, He proclaimed the acceptable year of the Lord was fulfilled.
Luke 4:17-19
17And there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Esaias. And when he had opened the book, he found the place where it was written,
18The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised,
19To preach the acceptable year of the Lord.
20 And he closed the book, and he gave it again to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that were in the synagogue were fastened on him.
21And he began to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears.
He fulfilled this scripture when he set the captives free, healed the sick, and recovered sight to the blind. The second half of the verse Jesus read (Isaiah 61:2) mentioning His vengeance, will be fulfilled at His second coming when He returns to judge the earth.
At this time, he will gather Israel from the four corners of the earth and bring them back to the Promised Land after seventy prophetic weeks. (Jeremiah 29:10-14)
The scriptures prophesied what needs to occur before He can restore Israel. The nation of Israel includes the physical and spiritual seed of Abraham. (Galatians 3:29 If ye be Christ’s ye be Abraham’s seed and heirs according to the promise). The seventy weeks of Daniel in Daniel chapter nine, covers the timeline from the reconstruction of the Second Temple, to Christ’s anointing, His death in the midst of the week caused the sacrifices and oblations to cease, then His return, completing the seventy weeks. His first coming was not to restore the kingdom of Israel, but to teach them the Gospel, so Israel could preach His word to the other nations as the priests of God (Exodus 19:5-6 5 Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine: 6And ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel.), and to die so we can be reconciled back to the Father. Matthew 24, Luke 21, and Mark 13 also mention what would happen to Jerusalem before He returns and the signs of His second coming and restoration for Israel, but until the seventy weeks are fulfilled, He cannot return yet. Jesus showed His disciples signs He would die and be resurrected but they did not understand these things until after His death. After Jesus’ death and resurrection, they knew and understood the purpose of His first coming.
John 2:21
18 Then answered the Jews and said unto him, What sign shewest thou unto us, seeing that thou doest these things?
19 Jesus answered and said unto them, Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.
20Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days?
21But he spake of the temple of his body.
22When therefore he was risen from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this unto them; and they believed the scripture, and the word which Jesus had said.
Jesus is also the only God we’ve ever known. No one has ever seen or heard the Father at any time save the only begotten Son (John 1: 18 No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.). Who then was the great I AM that gave Moses the Ten Commandments? Who showed Moses His backside? Who met Abraham in Genesis 14:18-20 and became the high priest of the Order of Melchisedec? The same one who was God manifested in the flesh, Jesus Christ of Nazareth (1 Tim 3:16). The Godhead is comprised of the Father and His Son. The Holy Spirit is not God, but the angels who give us the word of God and minister to the heirs of salvation.
Hebrews 1:5-7 and 13-14
5 For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? And again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son?
6 And again, when he bringeth in the firstbegotten into the world, he saith, And let all the angels of God worship him.
7 And of the angels he saith, Who maketh his angels spirits, and his ministers a flame of fire.
13 But to which of the angels said he at any time, Sit on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool?
14 Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for them who shall be heirs of salvation?
The Godhead has always been the Father and Son. The Hebrew word Elohim is a uni-plural word denoting the existence of two in one. Jesus and his Father are one because they are one in mind and spirit and share the same name.
John 10:27-30
27My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me:
28And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any
man pluck them out of my hand.
29My Father, which gave
them me, is greater than all; and no
man is able to pluck
them out of my Father's hand.
30I and
my Father are one.
John 5:43
43 I am come in my Father's name, and ye receive me not: if another shall come in his own name, him ye will receive.
Ephesians 3:14-16
14For this cause I bow my knees unto the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,
15Of whom the whole family in heaven and earth is named,
16That he would grant you, according to the riches of his glory, to be strengthened with might by his Spirit in the inner man.
The Father and His Son Jesus are in consensus, unity. Jesus does nothing on His own, obeying and doing only what the Father dictates.
John 6:35-40
35And Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of life: he that cometh to me shall never hunger; and he that believeth on me shall never thirst.
36But I said unto you, That ye also have seen me, and believe not.
37All that the Father giveth me shall come to me; and him that cometh to me I will in no wise cast out.
38For I came down from heaven, not to do mine own will, but the will of him that sent me.
39And this is the Father's will which hath sent me, that of all which he hath given me I should lose nothing, but should raise it up again at the last day.
40And this is the will of him that sent me, that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day.
Jesus was born of a virgin, not from the seed of man as the Bible and Quran (Surah Ali Imran 3 and Surah Maryam 19) testify, but through the power of God.
Luke 3:23-24 and 37-38 (Geneaology)
23 And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, which was the son of Heli,
24Which was the son of Matthat, which was the son of Levi, which was the son of Melchi, which was the son of Janna, which was the son of Joseph,).
37Which was the son of Mathusala, which was the son of Enoch, which was the son of Jared, which was the son of Maleleel, which was the son of Cainan,
38Which was the son of Enos, which was the son of Seth, which was the son of Adam, which was the son of God.
So, who was Allah?
Surah 3:3 He has sent down upon you, [O Muhammad], the Book in truth, confirming what was before it. And He revealed the Torah and the Gospel.
Since Allah gave Moses the scripture (the Torah) as a guidance for the children of Israel, the Torah is also the words of Allah and his teachings
In the Torah, God said He would raise a prophet like unto Moses.
Deuteronomy 18:17-19
17 And the LORD said unto me, They have well spoken that which they have spoken.
18 I will raise them up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee, and will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I shall command him.
19 And it shall come to pass, that whosoever will not hearken unto my words which he shall speak in my name, I will require it of him.
Jesus is this prophet (Acts 3:22-26). Allah in the Torah commands that we obey all this prophet says or does, and Jesus said that he is the bread of life, the Son of God, and no man can come to the Father but by Him. He was with his Father in the glory of God before the world began.
John 17:5-7
5And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee before the world was.
6I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them me; and they have kept thy word.
7Now they have known that all things whatsoever thou hast given me are of thee.
The Torah also testifies of Jesus in Genesis 3 as the seed of the woman that will bruise the head of the serpent who is Satan, and Genesis 17 in the promise God gave Abraham that his seed will bless all nations. God also said in the Torah that the promise would be through Isaac not Ishmael.
Genesis 17:18
18And Abraham said unto God, O that Ishmael might live before thee!
19And God said, Sarah thy wife shall bear thee a son indeed; and thou shalt call his name Isaac: and I will establish my covenant with him for an everlasting covenant, and with his seed after him.
20And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget, and I will make him a great nation.
21But my covenant will I establish with Isaac, which Sarah shall bear unto thee at this set time in the next year.